Encephalitis is caused by the herpes simplex virus. Most are caused by herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV1), the virus that also causes cold sores. The disease may also be caused by herpes virus type 2 (HSV2).
Z20. 2 - Contact with and (suspected) exposure to infections with a predominantly sexual mode of transmission. ICD-10-CM.
Herpes simplex virus type 1 causes an encephalitis in humans that is primarily restricted to the temporal lobe and limbic system. The distribution of lesions suggests that virus enters the brain from a single site and then spreads transneuronally to infect connected structures.
Herpesviral encephalitis, or herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE), is encephalitis due to herpes simplex virus. It is estimated to affect at least 1 in 500,000 individuals per year, and some studies suggest an incidence rate of 5.9 cases per 100,000 live births.
Listen to pronunciation. (HER-peez SIM-plex VY-rus) A type of virus that causes herpes infections and has DNA as its genetic material. There are two types of herpes simplex viruses.
ICD-10 code: Z20. 2 Contact with and exposure to infections with a predominantly sexual mode of transmission.
Herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE) is a rare neurological disorder characterized by inflammation of the brain (encephalitis). Common symptoms include headaches, fevers, drowsiness, hyperactivity, and/or general weakness.
The herpes virus preferentially involves the temporal lobe and orbital surfaces of the frontal lobes. This involvement may extend to the insular cortex, posterior occipital cortex, and cerebral convexity; however, the basal ganglia are spared. Bilateral involvement is frequent.
HSV encephalitis is characterized by the involvement of bilateral medial temporal lobe, insular cortex and cingulate gyrus [3]. Involvement of the temporal lobe explains for the occurrence of personality changes in these patients. MRI is the imaging modality of choice and is abnormal in 90% of the patients [1].
Key facts. The herpes simplex virus (HSV) is categorized into 2 types: HSV-1 and HSV-2. HSV-1 is mainly transmitted by oral-to-oral contact, causing oral herpes (including symptoms known as cold sores), but it can also lead to genital herpes. HSV-2 is a sexually transmitted infection that causes genital herpes.
In addition to differences in transplacental control of viral spread, another potential important difference between HSV and CMV is the site of viral latency. HSV is not known to become latent in immune cells, while CMV (discussed below) may reactivate in uterine tissue from latently infected white blood cells [45].