B00. 4 - Herpesviral encephalitis | ICD-10-CM.
Herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE) is a rare neurological disorder characterized by inflammation of the brain (encephalitis). Common symptoms include headaches, fevers, drowsiness, hyperactivity, and/or general weakness.
ICD-10-CM Code for Herpesviral [herpes simplex] infections B00.
Encephalitis is caused by the herpes simplex virus. Most are caused by herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV1), the virus that also causes cold sores. The disease may also be caused by herpes virus type 2 (HSV2). This virus can be spread by sexual contact or from an infected mother to her baby during childbirth.
The diagnosis can be confirmed only by means of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or brain biopsy. Diagnostic modalities for neonatal HSE are similar to those for HSE in older children and adults. Go to Imaging in Herpes Encephalitis for complete information on this topic.
HSV-1 lies dormant in nerve cells near the base of the neck, and when outbreaks occur, will most often appear on the face or neck. HSV-2, meanwhile, lies dormant in nerve cells near the base of the spine, and when outbreaks occur usually appears around the buttocks and genitals.
ICD-10 code: B00 Herpesviral [herpes simplex] infections.
HSV-2 causes encephalitis is predominant in neonates and immunocompromised patients. Herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE) has significant morbidity and mortality, even with early diagnosis and treatment. Immunocompromised patients or patients in extremes of age might present with subtle or atypical symptoms or signs.
Herpes-related encephalitis can erupt rapidly, and may cause seizures or mental changes and even lead to coma or death. It occurs when the herpes simplex type 1 virus travels to the brain rather than moving through the body to the surface of the skin and producing its more common symptom, a cold sore.
In children, the most common type of HSV is type 1, and generally affects the frontotemporal lobes of the brain affecting cognition and motor function. Presentation can include fever, altered mental state (encephalopathy), decreased consciousness, seizures or focal neurological deficits.