icd 10 code for igfbp 3

Full Answer

What is the pathophysiology of increased IGFBP-3?

IGFBP-3 increases during early childhood and puberty and then decreases slightly in adult life. Levels of this binding protein decrease during fasting and chronic malnutrition. IGFBP-3 levels are decreased in hepatic failure and diabetes mellitus, but are increased in chronic renal failure. 1.

How are IGFBP-1 levels controlled?

Serum IGFBP-1 levels are controlled by insulin with the postprandial increase in insulin levels producing a four- to fivefold decrease in IGFBP-1 levels relative to fasting levels.1IGFBP-1 levels have been shown to be elevated in type 1 diabetics and in patients with insulin resistance syndromes.

What causes low IGFBP-1 levels?

Type 2 diabetics tend to have low serum IGFBP-1 levels. Patients with growth hormone deficiency tend to have elevated IGFBP-1 levels. Low levels are observed in acromegaly, Cushing disease, and polycystic ovary syndrome.

What is the expected turnaround time for an IGFBP-1 test?

IGFBP-1 Expected Turnaround Time 6 - 12 days Turnaround time is defined as the usual number of days from the date of pickup of a specimen for testing to when the result is released to the ordering provider. In some cases, additional time should be allowed for additional confirmatory or additional reflex tests.

What does a high IGF binding protein 3 mean?

Elevated serum IGFBP-3 and IGF-1 levels indicate a sustained overproduction of GH or excessive rhGH therapy. Endogenous GH excess is caused mostly by GH-secreting pituitary adenomas, resulting in gigantism, if acquired before epiphyseal closure, and in acromegaly thereafter.

What does IGFBP-3 test for?

In this way, the IGFBP-3 test is used to check for pituitary gland disorders and abnormalities in growth hormone production. Symptoms such as short stature or excessive growth (gigantism) may warrant an IGFBP-3 test. The test also might be used to monitor treatment of growth disorders.

What is a normal IGF binding protein 3?

For boys, normal values are between 1.4 and 5.2 mcg/ml for stage 1, between 2.3 and 6.3 mcg/ml for stage 2, between 3.1 and 8.9 mcg/ml for stage 3, between 3.7 and 8.7 mcg/ml for stage 4, and finally between 2.6 and 8.6 mcg/ml for stage 5.

What does IGFBP stand for?

Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein, IGFBP.

Where is IGFBP-3 produced?

IGFBP-3 is still made (at a lower level) by prostate cancer cells and secreted into the surrounding environment. However, instead of the full length, functional protein, IGFBP-3 is found to be cleaved.

Why is it called insulin-like growth factor?

The name insulin-like growth factor reflects the fact that these substances have insulin-like actions in some tissues, though they are far less potent than insulin in decreasing blood glucose concentrations.

What is low IGF binding protein 3?

Low IGFBP-3 and IGF-1 levels are observed in GH deficiency or GH resistance. If acquired in childhood, these conditions result in short stature. Childhood GH deficiency can be an isolated abnormality or associated with deficiencies of other pituitary hormones.

How is insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 synthesized and regulated?

Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 is regulated by dihydrotestosterone and stimulates deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis and cell proliferation in LNCaP prostate carcinoma cells. Endocrinology.

What is insulin-like growth factor test?

A somatomedin C test, also called an insulin-like growth factor-1 (or IGF-1) test, helps doctors evaluate whether a person is producing a normal amount of human growth hormone (hGH, or somatotropin).

How many Igfbp are there?

We now understand that IGF signaling is regulated by a family of specific IGF-binding proteins (IGFBPs) of which there are six distinct types in vertebrates. These IGFBPs share significant sequence homology and they are capable of binding IGFs with equal or greater affinity than the IGF1R.

What are IGF-1 and IGF 2?

IGF-1 and IGF-2 are peptides primarily secreted by the liver. Postnatally, IGF-1 is produced in response to growth hormone. Murine and human studies have emphasized the important role of IGFs in intrauterine growth. Disruption of IGF1 and IGF2 genes in knockout mice studies led to reductions in birth weight.

What is the function of Igfbp 1?

IGFBP-1 plays an important and potentially beneficial role in regulating metabolic and vascular homeostasis. The structures reveal the mechanisms of insulin-like growth factor (IGF) signaling regulation via insulin-like growth factor-binding proteins (IGFBP) binding.

What is the normal range of IGF-1?

182 to 780 ng/mL for ages 16 to 24. 114 to 492 ng/mL for ages 25 to 39. 90 to 360 ng/mL for ages 40 to 54. 71 to 290 ng/mL for people 55 and older.

What does a low IGF-1 level mean?

What do the results mean? If your child's results show lower than normal levels of IGF-1, it probably means he or she has a GH deficiency or insensitivity to GH. In a child, this may be caused by a genetic disorder or brain disease. Your child may benefit from treatment with GH supplementation.

What is GH level?

GH test. The growth hormone test measures the amount of growth hormone in the blood. The pituitary gland makes growth hormone, which causes a child to grow. This gland is located at the base of the brain.

How is Laron syndrome treated?

The only treatment option in Laron syndrome is recombinant human IGF1 administered subcutaneously at a dose of 80–120 μg/kg twice daily [10]. Recombinant IGF-1 was shown to accelerate the linear growth rate to 8–9 cm in the first year of treatment, compared with 10–12 cm/year during GH treatment of GH-deficiency.

Clinical Significance

IGF Binding Protein-3 (IGFBP-3) - Insulin-like growth factor binding proteins bind IGF-I and IGF-II with high affinity but do not bind insulin.

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Ordering Recommendation

Recommendations when to order or not order the test. May include related or preferred tests.

Reported

Expected turnaround time for a result, beginning when ARUP has received the specimen.

New York DOH Approval Status

Indicates test has been approved by the New York State Department of Health.

Specimen Required

Patient Preparation: Instructions patient must follow before/during specimen collection.

Reference Interval

Normal range/expected value (s) for a specific disease state. May also include abnormal ranges.

Interpretive Data

Background information for test. May include disease information, patient result explanation, recommendations, details of testing, associated diseases, explanation of possible patient results.

CPT Codes

The American Medical Association Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) codes published in ARUP's Laboratory Test Directory are provided for informational purposes only. The codes reflect our interpretation of CPT coding requirements based upon AMA guidelines published annually.

What is the IGFBP3 gene?

Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 3 , also known as IGFBP-3, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IGFBP3 gene. IGFBP-3 is one of six IGF binding proteins ( IGFBP-1 to IGFBP-6) that have highly conserved structures and bind the insulin-like growth factors IGF-1 and IGF-2 with high affinity.

What receptors does IGFBP3 interact with?

Within the nucleus, it can modulate nuclear hormone receptor activity by direct binding to retinoid X receptor, retinoic acid receptor, vitamin D receptor, PPARγ, and nur77, IGFBP-3 also interacts with DNA-dependent protein kinase within the nucleus to promote the repair of DNA damage.

How does IGFBP3 affect cell function?

IGFBP-3 exerts antiproliferative effects in many cell types by blocking the ability of IGF-1 and IGF-2 to activate the IGF1R (which stimulates cell proliferation). For example, in esophageal epithelial cells, responsiveness to IGF-1 stimulation is suppressed by secreted IGFBP-3 and restored when IGFBP-3 is downregulated by epidermal growth factor. IGFBP-3 can also inhibit cell function by mechanisms that are independent of effects on IGF1R signaling, even in cells that entirely lack IGF1R. IGF (or IGF1R) independent effects are commonly studied using mutant forms of IGFBP-3 with decreased IGF binding affinity. Thus, IGFBP-3-induced apoptosis in differentiating chondrocyte precursor cells is seen equally with a non-IGF binding IGFBP-3 mutant, demonstrating that the mechanism does not involve IGF binding. IGF1R-independent growth inhibition by IGFBP-3 may involve the induction of pro-apoptotic proteins such as Bax and Bad and may be mediated by ceramides (pro- apoptotic lipids), or potentiate ceramide action IGFBP-3 interaction with nuclear hormone receptors may also lead to inhibition of cell proliferation.

Where is IGFBP3 found?

IGFBP-3 mRNA is expressed in all tissue examined, with kidney, stomach, placenta, uterus and liver showing highest expression in rat tissues. Rat liver IGFBP-3 mRNA is found in nonparenchymal cells including sinusoidal endothelium, but not in hepatocytes. In contrast, human hepatocytes do express IGFBP-3.

Where is the IGFBP3 gene located?

It is located adjacent to the IGFBP1 gene in tail-to-tail orientation, separated by 20 kb.

When was IGFBP3 first isolated?

IGFBP-3 was first isolated, characterized, and quantitated in human plasma, in 1986 . It has well-documented functions in the circulation, in the extracellular environment, and inside cells. It is the main IGF transport protein in the bloodstream, where it carries the growth factors predominantly in stable complexes that contain the binding protein, either IGF-1 or IGF-2, and a third protein called the acid-labile subunit or ALS.

Does IGFBP3 decrease with prostate cancer?

IGFBP-3 protein levels decrease during the progression of prostate cancer from benign to metastatic disease although production of the protein does not cease completely. IGFBP-3 is still made (at a lower level) by prostate cancer cells and secreted into the surrounding environment.

What is the function of IGFBP-1?

Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 1 is a member of the family of structurally homologous proteins that specifically binds and modulates the activities of IGF-1 and IGF-2. 1,2 IGFBP-1 is a 25 kilodalton protein that is produced predominantly by hepatocytes and decidualized ovarian endometrium. 3 Serum levels of IGFBP-1 exhibit considerable diurnal variation with levels highest early in the morning and lowest in the evening. Serum IGFBP-1 levels are controlled by insulin with the postprandial increase in insulin levels producing a four- to fivefold decrease in IGFBP-1 levels relative to fasting levels. 1 IGFBP-1 levels have been shown to be elevated in type 1 diabetics and in patients with insulin resistance syndromes. Type 2 diabetics tend to have low serum IGFBP-1 levels. Patients with growth hormone deficiency tend to have elevated IGFBP-1 levels. Low levels are observed in acromegaly, Cushing disease, and polycystic ovary syndrome. IGFBP-1 is the predominant IGF-binding protein in amniotic fluid and in fetal and maternal circulation. 4,5 The levels are high in the fetus and newborn, but decline steadily until puberty. In a recent study of women in the second trimester of pregnancy, IGFBP-1 levels were higher in women who subsequently developed preëclampsia than in matched controls who did not develop the syndrome. 6

Is IGFBP-1 high in acromegaly?

Low levels are observed in acromegaly, Cushing disease, and polycystic ovary syndrome. IGFBP-1 is the predominant IGF-binding protein in amniotic fluid and in fetal and maternal circulation. 4,5 The levels are high in the fetus and newborn, but decline steadily until puberty.