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Disclosures: Kuwahara reports serving as a CMS fellow and previously served as a fellow at the Association of Asian Pacific Community Health Organizations. Disclosures: Kuwahara reports serving as a CMS fellow and previously served as a fellow at the Association of Asian Pacific Community Health Organizations.
Types and Causes
Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy, intractable, with status epilepticus. G40. B11 is a billable/specific ICD-10-CM code that can be used to indicate a diagnosis for reimbursement purposes. The 2022 edition of ICD-10-CM G40.
309 - Generalized idiopathic epilepsy and epileptic syndromes, not intractable, without status epilepticus. ICD-10-CM.
Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy is one of many different types of epilepsy. Its most common symptom is repeated seizures, known as myoclonic seizures. These cause quick jerking movements. It's also sometimes called Janz syndrome or Epilepsy of Janz.
Most people who have JME will have 3 types of seizures. These are called myoclonic, tonic-clonic and absence seizures. All people with JME will have myoclonic seizures. That is why the epilepsy syndrome is called juvenile myoclonic epilepsy.
Myoclonic seizures are characterized by brief, jerking spasms of a muscle or muscle group. They often occur with atonic seizures, which cause sudden muscle limpness.
If you document the word “seizure”, the patient will be coded with R56. 9, unspecified convulsions, even if you meant that the patient has epilepsy. If you document “seizure disorder” or “recurrent seizures”, the patient will be coded with G40.
Mutations in the EFHC1 gene have been associated with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy in a small number of people. The EFHC1 gene provides instructions for making a protein that also plays a role in neuron activity, although its function is not completely understood.
PURPOSE: Previous studies using advanced imaging techniques have suggested subtle structural and functional changes in patients with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME), mainly associated with the frontal lobes.
Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) is a common epilepsy syndrome characterized by bilateral myoclonic and tonic-clonic seizures typically starting in adolescence and responding well to medication. Misdiagnosis of a more severe progressive myoclonus epilepsy (PME) as JME has been suggested as a cause of drug-resistance.
Valproate is unquestionably the drug of the first choice in men with JME. In women, lamotrigine should be preferred regarding teratogenicity and side effects of valproate. In addition, levetiracetam and topiramate are effective and can be use in combination or as second line treatment. Some AEDs can aggravate JME.
The seizures of Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy often occur when people first awaken in the morning. Seizures can be triggered by lack of sleep, extreme fatigue, stress, or alcohol consumption. Onset typically occurs around adolesence in otherwise healthy children.
Most patients with JME do not outgrow their seizures and will need to take medication for the rest of their lives. Individuals are encouraged to get enough sleep and avoid alcohol to reduce the likelihood of seizures.
Idiopathic generalized epilepsy (IGE) is a group of epileptic disorders that are believed to have a strong underlying genetic basis. Patients with an IGE subtype are typically otherwise normal and have no structural brain abnormalities.
3 Generalized idiopathic epilepsy and epileptic syndromes.
What Is Intractable Epilepsy? Intractable epilepsy is when seizures can't be completely controlled by medicines. (Intractable means "not easily managed or relieved.") It's also called refractory, uncontrolled, or drug-resistant epilepsy.
Epilepsy, unspecified, not intractable A group of disorders marked by problems in the normal functioning of the brain. These problems can produce seizures, unusual body movements, a loss of consciousness or changes in consciousness, as well as mental problems or problems with the senses.