Macroaneursym ICD 10 code: H35.09 Retinal arterial macroaneurysms are acquired, focal dilations of retinal arterial branches (mostly second-order retinal arterioles) that can be classified as hemorrhagic or exudative.
Retinal hemorrhage, right eye 1 H35.61 is a billable/specific ICD-10-CM code that can be used to indicate a diagnosis for reimbursement purposes. 2 The 2020 edition of ICD-10-CM H35.61 became effective on October 1, 2019. 3 This is the American ICD-10-CM version of H35.61 - other international versions of ICD-10 H35.61 may differ.
Retinal detachment with single break, right eye. H33.011 is a billable/specific ICD-10-CM code that can be used to indicate a diagnosis for reimbursement purposes. The 2019 edition of ICD-10-CM H33.011 became effective on October 1, 2018. This is the American ICD-10-CM version of H33.011 - other international versions of ICD-10 H33.011 may differ.
Macroaneurysms range from 100 to 250μm in diameter and are most often found in the temporal retina, along the supero-temporal arteriole. Associated findings include capillary telangiectasias, vascular remodeling, and retinal edema.
Retinal arterial macroaneurysm is an acquired, focal dilation of a retinal artery, typically occurring within the first three bifurcations of the central retinal artery. The clinical presentation of a retinal arterial macroaneurysm is highly variable, making initial diagnosis difficult and differentials many.
Retinal macroaneurysms are usually related to high blood pressure and can cause significant loss of vision. A macroaneurysm is formed in a small retinal artery and is essentially a ballooning out of the blood vessel wall.
Complicated retinal arterial macroaneurysms may be directly treated with moderate-intensity laser photocoagulation with two to three rows of large-spot-size (200-500μm) immediately adjacent to the macroaneurysm, especially if visual function is threatened due to increasing edema.
031-033 Hypertensive Retinopathy.
Retinal telangiectasia occurs when tiny blood vessels in the macula (a part of the retina) grow in an abnormal way. The vessels become wider (dilate) and may leak. The macula is responsible for your most precise vision. It allows you to read small print and thread needles.
Microaneurysms appear as grape-like or spindle-shaped dilations of retinal capillaries on light microscopy. They can be either hypercellular or acellular. By ophthalmoscopic examination, microaneurysms appear as tiny, intraretinal red dots located in the inner retina.
Retinal macroaneurysms are acquired, usually round dilations of the large arterioles of the retina. They are commonly associated with macular exudation and hemorrhage, which may result in decreased visual acuity. A 10% incidence of bilateral disease exists, and multiple aneurysms in the same eye occasionally are seen.
Causes. Any type of vascular disease or hypertension can contribute to the development of a retinal microaneurysm, however they have been firmly associated with diabetes. As the first clinically evident sign of diabetic retinopathy, they are regarded as the hallmark of this eye disease.
Pain above and behind one eye. A dilated pupil. A change in vision or double vision. Numbness of one side of the face.
031.
Hypertensive retinopathy is retinal vascular damage caused by hypertension. Signs usually develop late in the disease. Funduscopic examination shows arteriolar constriction, arteriovenous nicking, vascular wall changes, flame-shaped hemorrhages, cotton-wool spots, yellow hard exudates, and optic disk edema.
032.
Complicated retinal arterial macroaneurysms may be directly treated with moderate-intensity laser photocoagulation with two to three rows of large-spot-size (200-500μm) immediately adjacent to the macroaneurysm, especially if visual function is threatened due to increasing edema . This treatment course is controversial, as some studies have demonstrated a significant decrease in visual acuity in post-laser eyes and possible occurrence of branch retinal arterial occlusion .
Disease. Retinal arterial macroaneurysms are acquired, focal dilations of retinal arterial branches (mostly second-order retinal arterioles) that can be classified as hemorrhagic or exudative. Macroaneurysms range from 100 to 250μm in diameter and are most often found in the temporal retina, along the supero-temporal arteriole.
Round or fusiform dilation of a retinal arteriole is usually seen within a third degree branch of one of the four main arcade arteries. Most common location for a symptomatic macroaneurysm is from a branch of the superotemporal arcade.
Most commonly, retinal arterial macroaneurysm (RAM) is found incidentally on funduscopic examination in an asymptomatic patient. However, patients may complain of acute vision loss due to macular edema or hemorrhage. Metamorphopsia or decreased vision are most commonly encountered when changes due to macroaneurysms (hemorrhage or edema) affect the fovea. Also presenting complaint may be floaters due to vitreous hemorrhage. Typically patients have a history of hypertention.
Recent studies have shown promising results using anti-VEGF agents such as bevacizumab and ranibizumab in patients with macroaneurysm-associated macular edema, with one case series by Pichi et al. demonstrating a reduction in macular edema and hard exudates in all 38 eyes evaluated .
In general, patients with a hemorrhagic macroaneurysm have a better visual prognosis than those with an exudative macroaneurysm.
There are currently no approved guidelines for the management of macroaneurysms. Most macroaneurysms resolve spontaneously and can be observed. In all patients with this diagnosis, a systematic work-up for hypertension and systemic vascular disease should be pursued.
Quiescent RAM. This is an inciden tal finding on routine examination; it seldom results in visual symptoms.
Direct application. Direct argon laser to the entire macroaneurysm should be applied cautiously, with relatively low power, long burn duration, and large spot size to avoid rupture of the RAM. Potential complications of laser photocoagulation of the RAM include breakthrough hemorrhage, development of choroidal neovascularization, vascular occlusion at the site of treatment, and early increase in exudates following laser application. It has been reported that only 16% to 27% of RAMs are successfully thrombosed after treatment with laser photocoagulation. 5