icd 10 code for sandifer syndrome

Full Answer

What is Sandifer syndrome?

Sandifer syndrome (SS) is a type of movement disorder that constitutes paroxysmal spasms of head, neck, and back arching but spares the limbs. SS is often associated with gastroesophageal reflux (GERD) in children.

What is Sandifer syndrome in infants?

What is Sandifer syndrome? Sandifer syndrome a rare disorder that usually affects children up to the ages of 18 to 24 months. It causes unusual movements in a child's neck and back that sometimes make it look like they're having a seizure.

Is Sandifer syndrome neurological?

What is Known: Sandifer syndrome is a rare complication of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GERD) when a patient presents with extraoesophageal symptoms, typically neurological. It may be difficult to recognise due to its non-specific presentation and lack of gastrointestinal symptoms.

When does Sandifer syndrome appear?

They usually happen right after eating. Sandifer syndrome was first recorded in the early 1960s, and the exact number of cases is unknown. It's most often seen in infants and young children but can also occur in teenagers and adults.

What is the treatment for Sandifer syndrome?

Sandifer syndrome does not require treatment and typically resolves in the first 12-24 months of life, as nutrition is gradually less dependent on volumes of fluid, and the lower esophageal sphincter function improves unless the spasms are the result of gastroesophageal disease that is significant enough to interfere ...

What does a baby arching back mean?

Understanding Newborn Communication You may notice your baby's back arched when they seem hungry, frustrated, or are in pain. This natural response usually goes away at around nine months when your baby begins to communicate in new ways. But an arched back might also be a sign of a health condition.

How do you feed a baby with Sandifer syndrome?

Addressing gastroesophageal reflux disease eliminates the symptoms of Sandifer syndrome. Parents can feed their baby less food more frequently and thicken their food with cereal. They can also keep their baby in an upright position after eating.

Can GERD cause seizures?

Studies have shown that GERD can be an important cause of paroxysmal nonepileptic events. GERD can mimic epileptic seizure and may be misdiagnosed as epilepsy. Thus, this relationship may complicate the management of patients by mimicking refractory seizures.

What is Apert syndrome?

Apert syndrome, also called acrocephalosyndactyly, is a genetic syndrome characterized by anomalies of the skull, face and limbs. Gene mutations are responsible for causing the early fusion of the skull, hand and feet bones.

What are the characteristics of Williams syndrome?

Newborns with Williams syndrome have characteristic “elfin-like” facial features including an unusually small head (microcephaly), full cheeks, an abnormally broad forehead, puffiness around the eyes and lips, a depressed nasal bridge, broad nose, and/or an unusually wide and prominent open mouth.

What is a Brue episode?

A Brief Resolved Unexplained Event (BRUE) happens suddenly and can be scary for parents and caregivers. When a BRUE occurs, babies may seem to stop breathing. Their skin color may change to pale or blue. Their muscles may relax or tighten.

Why does my baby twist his neck?

Infant torticollis happens when the muscles that connect the breastbone and collarbone to the skull (sternocleidomastoid muscle) are shortened. Because your baby's neck muscle is shortened on one side of the neck, it pulls their head into a tilt or rotation, and often both.

What is the clinical description of turner syndrome?

Clinical Information. A cardiofacial syndrome with a variable phenotype, which may change with age, many characteristics of which overlap those of the turner syndrome. Short stature and mild mental retardation are the main features of this syndrome.

What is the overlap between Leopard syndrome and Neurofibromatosis?

In addition, there is overlap with the syndrome called neurofibromatosis-noonan syndrome due to mutations in nf1. A rare autosomal recessive or dominant inherited disorder.

What is the genetic condition of De Lange syndrome?

A genetic condition characterized by short stature, premature aging, sensitivity to light, and possibly deafness and mental retardation. A genetic syndrome caused by deletions or disruptions of chromosome 15.

What is the name of the disorder that causes a person to have a rounded face and low forehead?

Congenital neurobehavioral disorder characterized by rounded face, low forehead, almond shaped eyes, squinting, hypogonadism, hypotonia, insatiable appetite leading to obesity, and mental retardation; chromosomal disorder usually associated with a deletion of the proximal portion of the long arm of chromosome 15.

What is Sandifer syndrome?

Sandifer syndrome (or Sandifer's syndrome) is an eponymous paediatric medical disorder, characterised by gastrointestinal symptoms and associated neurological features. There is a significant correlation between the syndrome and gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD); however, it is estimated to occur in less than 1% of children with reflux.

Who was the first person to describe Sandifer syndrome?

Sandifer syndrome was first described in 1964 by Austrian neurologist Marcel Kinsbourne in The Lancet. Kinsbourne named the syndrome after his mentor, British neurologist Paul Sandifer, who had initially cared for the patients described in Kinsbourne's case reports.

What age does Sandifer syndrome occur?

Sandifer syndrome a rare disorder that usually affects children up to the ages of 18 to 24 months. It causes unusual movements in a child’s neck and back that sometimes make it look like they’re having a seizure.

What are the symptoms of Sandifer syndrome?

The main symptoms of Sandifer syndrome are torticollis and dystonia. Torticollis refers to involuntary movements of the neck. Dystonia is a name for writhing and twisting motions due to uncontrollable muscle contractions. These movements often cause children to arch their backs.

How to treat Sandifer syndrome?

Treating Sandifer syndrome involves trying to reduce symptoms of GERD. In many cases, you may just need to make some changes in feeding habits. These include: not overfeeding. keeping your child upright for a half-hour after feeding.

Can you keep a log of feeding times for Sandifer syndrome?

The probe might require an overnight hospital stay. You can also keep a log of feeding times and when you notice your child having symptoms. This can help your child’s doctor see if there are any patterns, which can make diagnosing Sandifer syndrome easier.

Can Sandifer syndrome cause GERD?

Doctors aren’t sure about the exact cause of Sandifer syndrome. However, it’s almost always related to a problem with the lower esophagus, which leads into the stomach, or a hiatal hernia. Both of these can lead to GERD.