icd 10 code for sonic hedgehog

How did the sonic hedgehog get its name?

Two of these genes, desert hedgehog and Indian hedgehog, were named for species of hedgehogs, while sonic hedgehog was named after the video game character Sonic the Hedgehog.

What is the function of Sonic hedgehog?

Sonic hedgehog is a protein encoded for by the SHH gene. This signaling molecule is key in regulating embryonic morphogenesis in all different types of animals. SHH controls organogenesis and the organization of the central nervous system, limbs, digits and many other parts of the body.

Is there a sonic hedgehog in UniProt?

‘Sonic Hedgehog’ sounded funny at first .. New York Times November 12, 2006 .. Overview of all the structural information available in the PDB for UniProt: Q15465 (Human Sonic hedgehog protein) at the PDBe-KB. Overview of all the structural information available in the PDB for UniProt: Q62226 (Mouse Sonic hedgehog protein) at the PDBe-KB.

Is there a 19K form of Sonic hedgehog for ventral cell induction?

"Requirement of 19K form of Sonic hedgehog for induction of distinct ventral cell types in CNS explants". Nature. 375 (6529): 322–325. Bibcode: 1995Natur.375..322M. doi: 10.1038/375322a0.

What is Z51 11 ICD-10?

ICD-10 code Z51. 11 for Encounter for antineoplastic chemotherapy is a medical classification as listed by WHO under the range - Factors influencing health status and contact with health services .

What is the ICD 10 code for R68 89?

ICD-10 code R68. 89 for Other general symptoms and signs is a medical classification as listed by WHO under the range - Symptoms, signs and abnormal clinical and laboratory findings, not elsewhere classified .

Is R68 89 billable code?

R68. 89 is a billable/specific ICD-10-CM code that can be used to indicate a diagnosis for reimbursement purposes. The 2022 edition of ICD-10-CM R68. 89 became effective on October 1, 2021.

What is the ICD 10 code for sound waves?

2022 ICD-10-CM Diagnosis Code W42. 0: Exposure to supersonic waves.

What does anxiety F41 9 mean?

Code F41. 9 is the diagnosis code used for Anxiety Disorder, Unspecified. It is a category of psychiatric disorders which are characterized by anxious feelings or fear often accompanied by physical symptoms associated with anxiety.

What does anemia D64 9 mean?

Code D64. 9 is the diagnosis code used for Anemia, Unspecified, it falls under the category of diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs and certain disorders involving the immune mechanism.

What ICD-10 code covers CMP?

Encounter for screening for other metabolic disorders The 2022 edition of ICD-10-CM Z13. 228 became effective on October 1, 2021.

What ICD-10 code for routine labs?

From ICD-10: For encounters for routine laboratory/radiology testing in the absence of any signs, symptoms, or associated diagnosis, assign Z01. 89, Encounter for other specified special examinations.

What is the ICD-10 code for signs and symptoms?

The ICD-10 code range for General symptoms and signs R50-R69 is medical classification list by the World Health Organization (WHO).

What are some common ICD-10 codes?

Top 10 Outpatient Diagnoses at Hospitals by Volume, 2018RankICD-10 CodeNumber of Diagnoses1.Z12317,875,1192.I105,405,7273.Z233,219,5864.Z00003,132,4636 more rows

How do I get ICD-10 codes?

ICD-10 CM Guidelines, may be found at the following website: https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/icd/Comprehensive-Listing-of-ICD-10-CM-Files.htm.

How do you write ICD-10 codes?

ICD-10-CM is a seven-character, alphanumeric code. Each code begins with a letter, and that letter is followed by two numbers. The first three characters of ICD-10-CM are the “category.” The category describes the general type of the injury or disease. The category is followed by a decimal point and the subcategory.

What is the hedgehog gene?

The hedgehog gene ( hh) was first identified in the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster in the classic Heidelberg screens of Christiane Nüsslein-Volhard and Eric Wieschaus, as published in 1980. These screens —which led to them winning the Nobel Prize in 1995, along with developmental geneticist Edward B. Lewis —identified genes that control the segmentation pattern of the Drosophila embryos. The hh loss of function mutant phenotype causes the embryos to be covered with denticles—i.e., small pointy projections resembling the spikes of a hedgehog. Investigations aimed at finding a hedgehog equivalent in vertebrates by Philip Ingham, Andrew P. McMahon and Clifford Tabin revealed three homologous genes.

What is the role of Sonic Hedgehog?

One of the most characterized functions of SHH is its role in the induction of the floor plate and diverse ventral cell types within the neural tube. The notochord —a structure derived from the axial mesoderm —produces SHH, which travels extracellularly to the ventral region of the neural tube and instructs those cells to form the floor plate. Another view of floor plate induction hypothesizes that some precursor cells located in the notochord are inserted into the neural plate before its formation, later giving rise to the floor plate.

What is the SHH protein?

SHH undergoes a series of processing steps before it is secreted from the cell. Newly synthesised SHH weighs 45 kDa and is referred to as the preproprotein. As a secreted protein, it contains a short signal sequence at its N-terminus, which is recognised by the signal recognition particle during the translocation into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), the first step in protein secretion. Once translocation is complete, the signal sequence is removed by signal peptidase in the ER. There, SHH undergoes autoprocessing to generate a 20 kDa N-terminal signaling domain (SHH-N) and a 25 kDa C-terminal domain with no known signaling role. The cleavage is catalysed by a protease within the C-terminal domain. During the reaction, a cholesterol molecule is added to the C-terminus of SHH-N. Thus, the C-terminal domain acts as an intein and a cholesterol transferase. Another hydrophobic moiety, a palmitate, is added to the alpha-amine of N-terminal cysteine of SHH-N. This modification is required for efficient signaling, resulting in a 30-fold increase in potency over the non-palmitylated form and is carried out by a member of the membrane-bound O-acyltransferase family Protein-cysteine N-palmitoyltransferase HHAT.

What is the role of SHH in lung development?

The mammalian lung branching occurs in the epithelium of the developing bronchi and lungs. SHH expressed throughout the foregut endoderm (innermost of three germ layers) in the distal epithelium, where the embryonic lungs are developing. This suggests that SHH is partially responsible for the branching of the lungs. Further evidence of SHH's role in lung branching has been seen with qPCR. SHH expression occurs in the developing lungs around embryonic day 11 and is strongly expressed in the buds of the fetal lungs but low in the developing bronchi. Mice who are deficient in SHH can develop tracheoesophageal fistula (abnormal connection of the esophagus and trachea). Additionally, a double (SHH-/- ) knockout mouse model exhibited poor lung development. The lungs of the SHH double knockout failed to undergo lobation and branching (i.e., the abnormal lungs only developed one branch, compared to an extensively branched phenotype of the wildtype).

How does Sonic Hedgehog work?

Sonic hedgehog may play a role in mammalian hair cell regeneration. By modulating retinoblastoma protein activity in rat cochlea, sonic hedgehog allows mature hair cells that normally cannot return to a proliferative state to divide and differentiate. Retinoblastoma proteins suppress cell growth by preventing cells from returning to the cell cycle, thereby preventing proliferation. Inhibiting the activity of Rb seems to allow cells to divide. Therefore, sonic hedgehog—identified as an important regulator of Rb—may also prove to be an important feature in regrowing hair cells after damage.

Is SHH a morphogen?

The concentration- and time-dependent, cell-fate- determining activity of SHH in the ven tral neural tube makes it a prime example of a morphogen. In vertebrates, SHH signaling in the ventral portion of the neural tube is most notably responsible for the induction of floor plate cells and motor neurons. SHH emanates from the notoch ord and ventral floor plate of the developing neural tube to create a concentration gradient that spans the dorso-ventral axis and is antagonized by an inverse Wnt gradient, which specifies the dorsal spinal chord. Higher concentrations of the SHH ligand are found in the most ventral aspects of the neural tube and notochord, while lower concentrations are found in the more dorsal regions of the neural tube. The SHH concentration gradient has been visualized in the neural tube of mice engineered to express a SHH::GFP fusion protein to show this graded distribution of SHH during the time of ventral neural tube patterning.

Discovery and Name

• The researchers developed their new data by subjecting SHH-medulloblastoma tumors in lab animals at various stages of tumor growth to single-cell transcriptomic analysis. The technique generated an extensive dataset that identifies the complete set of transcribed DNA sequences in every single cancer cell. The scan revealed that immature oligodendro...

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