The most common causes of spinal cord injuries in the United States are:
Treatment plans can include the following:
ICD-10 Code for Unspecified cord compression- G95. 20- Codify by AAPC.
ICD-10-CM Code for Wedge compression fracture of first lumbar vertebra, initial encounter for closed fracture S32. 010A.
89 - Other specified diseases of spinal cord.
Myelopathy is the term used to describe the consequences of spinal cord compression. It characteristically occurs due to spinal cord compression in the neck (the cervical spine), although can occur more uncommonly in the thoracic spine (the portion of the spine within the rib cage).
If you have no other documentation about the fracture (e.g. whether this is a pathological or a traumatic fracture), then this would code to category M48. 5 - Compression fracture of vertebra NOS, so I would use M48. 56XA for the lumbar site.
Wedge compression fracture of fourth lumbar vertebra, subsequent encounter for fracture with nonunion. S32. 040K is a billable/specific ICD-10-CM code that can be used to indicate a diagnosis for reimbursement purposes. The 2022 edition of ICD-10-CM S32.
(si-ring'gō-mī-ē'lē-ă) The presence in the spinal cord of longitudinal cavities lined by dense, gliogenous tissue, which are not caused by vascular insufficiency.
Complete lesion of unspecified level of lumbar spinal cord, initial encounter. S34. 119A is a billable/specific ICD-10-CM code that can be used to indicate a diagnosis for reimbursement purposes. The 2022 edition of ICD-10-CM S34.
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Spinal cord compression happens when there is pressure on the spinal cord. Pressure on the spinal cord causes the nerves in the spinal cord to swell and slows down or blocks their blood supply. This stops the nerves working normally. Spinal cord compression can happen in people who do not have cancer.
Central canal stenosis occurs when one or more bony openings narrows and compresses the passage of the spinal cord through the spinal canal. Spinal cord compression causes pain, inflammation, weakness, dysfunction and debilitation anywhere below the level of compression.
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Certain injuries and disorders may put pressure on the spinal cord itself or of spinal nerve roots which arise from the spinal cord and pass through spaces between the vertebrae. These conditions that cause compression can include:
Read and be guided by the method being used to decompress the area, remember that various procedures can decompress the spinal cord or spinal nerve roots, but the objective is to release the compression and the root operation assigned is “release.”
There are differing procedures that can accomplish decompression of the spinal cord or spinal nerve roots. These include laminotomy (removal of small portion of lamina)/laminectomy (removal of entire bony lamina); foraminotomy/foraminectomy to remove bone around the neural foramen; discectomy to remove a portion of bulging or herniated or degenerative disc; osteophyte (bony growth or bone spurs) removal; corpectomy to remove all or a part of the body of a vertebra and laminoplasty which is the expansion of the spinal canal by cutting the lamina to release the spinal cord.
When a decompressive surgery is performed to relieve pressure on a body part, such as the nerve root or spinal cord, the appropriate root operation will be Release rather than the root operations Excision or Resection.
Spinal procedure coding can be daunting for coders. The spine itself can be quite complicated anatomically and the procedures done to address spinal conditions can be even more complicated! HIA has developed an educational Action Plan to address one of these areas, spinal decompression coding. Below are a few excerpts from that Action Plan.