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While there are 31 root operations in the medical and surgical section of ICD-10-PCS, there are specific root operations common to cardiovascular procedures: Bypass: This root operation is most commonly used for coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) procedures.
First, a discussion of applicable ICD-10-PCS guidelines is essential. According to the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services’ Official ICD-10-PCS Coding Guidelines: ICD-10-PCS Guideline B3.6b.
The root operation of removal is not correct because by definition a removal in ICD-10-PCS is defined as taking out or off a device from a body part. Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS). “2009 Code Tables and Index.”
There are 31 root operations in the medical and surgical section, which are arranged in groups with similar attributes (see the table “Medical and Surgical Section Root Operations” on page 59 for an alphabetical listing of all 31 root operations in the medical and surgical section). The 31 root operations are arranged into the following groupings:
Bypass: This root operation is most commonly used for coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) procedures.
ICD-10-CM Code for Atherosclerosis of coronary artery bypass graft(s) without angina pectoris I25. 810.
ICD-10-PCS Root OperationsRoot operations that take out some/all of a body part.Root operations that take out solids/fluids/gasses from a body part.Root operations involving cutting or separation only.Root operations that put in/put back or move some/all of a body part.More items...
examQuestionAnswerWhen coding a CABG, which character identifies the number of sites?a) 7 b) 2 d)5For Root Operations in Extracorporeal Assistance and Performance, which one of the following choices refers to completely taking over a physiological function by extracorporeal means?Performance58 more rows
ICD-10-PCS will be the official system of assigning codes to procedures associated with hospital utilization in the United States. ICD-10-PCS codes will support data collection, payment and electronic health records. ICD-10-PCS is a medical classification coding system for procedural codes.
ICD-10 code Z95. 1 for Presence of aortocoronary bypass graft is a medical classification as listed by WHO under the range - Factors influencing health status and contact with health services .
Root operations that take out some or all of a body part include Excision, Resection, Detachment, Destruction, and Extraction. Root operations that take out solids/fluids/gases from a body part include Drainage, Extirpation, and Fragmentation.
Examples: Herniorrhaphy using mesh, free nerve graft, mitral valve ring annuloplasty, put a new acetabular liner in a previous hip replacement. The body part transferred remains connected to its vascular and nervous supply.
ICD 10 PCS uses NEC sparingly, however, in the med surg section 2 significant NEC options are the root operation value Q, Repair, and the device value Y, other device. the root operation repair is a true NEC value.
Fusion-Root Operation G Fusion is defined as joining together portions of an articular body part, rendering the articular body part immobile. The body part is joined together by fixation device, bone graft, or other means.
Surgery in which a healthy blood vessel taken from another part of the body is used to make a new path for blood around a blocked artery leading to the heart. This restores the flow of oxygen and nutrients to the heart. Also called aortocoronary bypass and coronary artery bypass grafting.
6a Bypass procedures are coded by identifying the body part bypassed “from” and the body part bypassed “to.” The fourth character body part specifies the body part bypassed from, and the qualifier specifies the body part bypassed to.
There are 31 root operations in the medical and surgical section, which are arranged in groups with similar attributes (see the table “Medical and Surgical Section Root Operations” on page 59 for an alphabetical listing of all 31 root operations in the medical and surgical section).
Root operations that put in/put back or move some/all of a body part. Root operations that alter the diameter/route of a tubular body part. If multiple procedures (as defined by distinct objectives) are performed, then multiple codes are assigned.
Resection includes all of a body part or any subdivision of a body part having its own body part value in ICD-10-PCS, while excision includes only a portion of a body part. Examples of resection are total nephrectomy, total lobectomy of lung, total mastectomy, resection cecum, prostatectomy, or cholecystectomy.
The qualifier “diagnostic” is available to identify excision procedures that are biopsies.
Extraction is defined as pulling or stripping out or off all or a portion of a body part by the use of force. Minor cutting, such as that used in vein stripping procedures, is included in extraction if the objective of the procedure is met by pulling or stripping.
As with all codes in ICD-10-PCS, the medical and surgical procedure codes contain seven characters, with each character representing one particular aspect of the procedure. The third character defines the root operation, or the objective of the procedure.
Excision is used when a sharp instrument is used to cut out or off a portion of a body part without replacement. All root operations employing cutting to accomplish the objective allow the use of any sharp instrument, including but not limited to:
Editor's note: This is the seventh in a series of 10 articles discussing the 31 root operations of ICD-10-PCS.
With the table provided the coder goes directly to table 4A0. The code is completed using body part cardiac (2), approach percutaneous (3), function sampling and pressure (N), and qualifier left heart (7) for a complete code of 4A023N7. The cardiac mapping is coded using the Alphabetic Index main entry for Map, subentry conduction mechanism directing the coder to table 02K , body part conduction mechanism (8), approach percutaneous (3), no device (Z), and no qualifier (Z) for a complete code of 02K83ZZ. Conduction mechanism is the only choice in this table for body part.
In ICD-9-CM, the Alphabetic Index main term, Catheterization; subterm cardiac directs the coder to combined, left or right. This was a left heart catheterization which is coded to 37.22, left heart cardiac catheterization. The cardiac mapping must also be coded and review of the Alphabetic Index main term, Mapping; subterm cardiac directs the coder to 37.27, cardiac mapping.
These codes are 021209W and 02100Z9. The first code identifies the use of the saphenous vein as the autologous graft. The second code does not include a device as the left internal mammary artery is the vessel "bypassed from." A third code is necessary to identify the excision of the greater saphenous vein for the graft. For this procedure, the index main term is Excision; subterm Vein, which is further subdivided by Greater Saphenous, and directs the user to Table 06B. The code assigned for this graft excision is 06BQ4ZZ.
In ICD-9-CM the Alphabetic Index main term, Ureteroscopy, directs the coder to 56.31, ureteroscopy. Because the removal of the stone was unsuccessful no additional codes are necessary for complete coding.
Coding Guideline B3.11a: Inspection of a body part (s) performed in order to achieve the objective of a procedure is not coded separately.
The definition for the Bypass root operation provided in the 2014 ICD-10-PCS Reference Manual is "Altering the route of passage of the contents of a tubular body part." Bypass involves rerouting the contents of a body part to a downstream area of the normal route, to a similar route and body part, or to an abnormal route and dissimilar body part. The bypass root operation includes one or more anastomosis, with or without the use of a device. The range of bypass procedures includes normal routes such as those made in coronary artery bypass procedures, and abnormal routes such as those made in colostomy formation procedures.
The ICD-10-PCS definition of the root operation Bypass is “altering the route of passage of the contents of a tubular body part.” In the case of the arterial system, the tubes are the arteries of the heart, as well as noncoronary circulation. The term “bypass” isn’t unique to the medical profession. We talk about bypasses in traffic or figurative bypasses at work when we develop “workarounds” to circumvent a problem. An arterial bypass is no different: there is a blockage we need to get around, and to do that, we must make a new pathway.
I mentioned two main types of CABG: aortocoronary and mammary graft. In an aortocoronary bypass, a connection is made from the aorta to the coronary artery using a free graft. That free graft can be made of arterial or venous tissue obtained from the patient (autologous), cadaver tissue (nonautologous), animal tissue (zooplastic), or synthetic material. The most common type of free graft comes from the saphenous vein from the patient’s leg. Pedicled grafts may also be used, where an artery is detached from its distal point and rerouted to the coronary arteries. This is most commonly achieved using the internal mammary arteries. It is not uncommon for a single operative session to include bypass of multiple coronary arteries using multiple devices.
Rationale: Two of the arteries were bypassed using a saphenous vein graft from the aorta. The other artery was bypassed using a pedicle LIMA graft. Since two of the arteries had a different device and qualifier than the other, two codes are necessary when we apply coding guideline B3.6c.
B3.6b: Coronary artery bypass procedures are coded differently than other bypass procedures as described in the previous guideline. Rather than identifying the body part bypassed from, the body part identifies the number of coronary arteries bypassed to, and the qualifier specifies the vessel bypassed from.
Pedicled grafts are not classified as devices in ICD-10-PCS because they remain attached to their original blood supply. For this reason, pedicled grafts are coded using the second row of the 021 table, which only has one device option, No Device.
B3.6a: Bypass procedures are coded by identifying the body part bypassed “from” and the body part bypassed “to.” The fourth character body part specifies the body part bypassed from, and the qualifier specifies the body part bypassed to.
The arterial mission is simple: deliver oxygen-rich blood to the body’s organ and tissues. At the cellular level, oxygen is released to the tissues and carbon dioxide is absorbed and routed to the veins, which empty into the main vein, the vena cava, which returns blood to the right side of the heart.
When documenting CABG, medical coders need to know that coronary arteries are classified by the number of distinct sites treated rather than the number of coronary arteries or the anatomic name of the artery, such as left anterior descending. They should also be knowledgeable in the devices used for bypass; laterality; specific site; and approach for any autologous grafts harvested from another body site for bypass conduits, and if the patient was placed on a pump or not.
Components of a procedure specified in the root operation definition and explanation, procedural steps necessary to reach the operative site and close the operative site, including anastomosis of a tubular body part, are not coded separately. For instance, resection of a joint as part of a joint replacement procedure is included in the root operation definition of Replacement and is not coded separately. Also, laparotomy performed to reach the site of an open liver biopsy is not coded separately.
Restoring, to the extent possible, a body part to its normal anatomic structure and function (herniorrhaphy); includes other repair; used when the root operation for the procedure performed cannot be classified to a more specific root operation
Cutting into a body part without draining fluids and/or gases from the body part in order to separate or transect a body part (osteotomy); involve cutting or separation only
Locating the route of passage of electrical impulses and/or locating functional areas in a body part (cardiac mapping); involves examination only
Taking or cutting out solid matter (foreign object or something that doesn't belong in the body) from a body part (thrombectomy); remove solids, fluids, or gases from a body part
If a device is taken out a similar device put in without cutting or puncturing the skin or mucous membrane, the procedure is coded to the root operation CHANGE. Otherwise, the procedure for taking out the device is coded to the root operation REMOVAL and the procedure for putting in the new device is coded to the root operation performed.
Taking or letting out fluids and/or gases from a body part. The qualifier "diagnostic" is used to identify procedures that are biopsies.
A REMOVAL procedure is coded for taking out the device used in a previous replacement procedure.
Pulling or stripping out or off all or a portion of a body part by the use of force. Qualifier Diagnostic is used to identify biopsies.
Cutting into a body part without draining fluids and/or gases from the body part in order to separate or transect a body part.
Freeing of a body part from an abnormal physical constraint by cutting or by use of force.