Blackwater fever is a complication of malaria infection consisting of a syndrome of febrile intra-vascular haemolysis with severe anaemia and intermittent passage of dark-red to black colour urine. Despite numerous reports and studies of this condition, its pathogenesis remains incompletely understood.
B54B54 - Unspecified malaria | ICD-10-CM.
Blackwater fever is a complication of malaria infection in which red blood cells burst in the bloodstream (hemolysis), releasing hemoglobin directly into the blood vessels and into the urine, frequently leading to kidney failure. The disease was first linked to malaria by the Sierra Leonean physician Dr.
Haemoglobinuria is an uncommon complication of severe malaria, reflecting acute intravascular haemolysis and potentially leading to acute kidney injury. It can occur early in the course of infection as a consequence of a high parasite burden, or may occur following commencement of anti-malarial treatment.
Plasmodium falciparum malaria, unspecified B50. 9 is a billable/specific ICD-10-CM code that can be used to indicate a diagnosis for reimbursement purposes. The 2022 edition of ICD-10-CM B50. 9 became effective on October 1, 2021.
Quinine and similar molecules: Well known at the start of the 20th century, blackwater fever has become exceptional since 1950, when quinine was replaced by chloroquine. The disease reappeared in 1990, following the re-utilization of quinine because of resistance to chloroquine.
9: Fever, unspecified.
Clinical Information. A protozoan disease caused in humans by four species of the plasmodium genus: plasmodium falciparum; plasmodium vivax; plasmodium ovale; and plasmodium malariae; and transmitted by the bite of an infected female mosquito of the genus anopheles.
blackwater fever, also called malarial hemoglobinuria, one of the less common yet most dangerous complications of malaria. It occurs almost exclusively with infection from the parasite Plasmodium falciparum.
Blackwater fever (BWF) is a severe clinical syndrome, characterized by intravascular hemolysis, hemoglobinuria, and acute renal failure that is classically seen in European expatriates chronically exposed to Plasmodium falciparum and irregularly taking quinine.
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References. Rapid test to distinguish hematuria from hemoglobinuria. The onset of red urine during or shortly after a blood transfusion may represent hemoglobinuria (indicating an acute hemolytic reaction) or hematuria (indicating bleeding in the lower urinary tract).
In severe disease, intravascular hemolysis in the kidney can cause hemoglobinemia and hemoglobinuria and dark colored urine called blackwater fever. After the immune response has terminated the erythrocytic cycle, P vivax and P ovale hypnozoites can remain dormant in the liver and cause relapse months to years later.
If the level of hemoglobin in the blood rises too high, then hemoglobin begins to appear in the urine. This is called hemoglobinuria.
ICD-Code I10 is a billable ICD-10 code used for healthcare diagnosis reimbursement of Essential (Primary) Hypertension.
I63. 9 - Cerebral infarction, unspecified | ICD-10-CM.
Septicemia – There is NO code for septicemia in ICD-10. Instead, you're directed to a combination 'A' code for sepsis to indicate the underlying infection, such A41. 9 (Sepsis, unspecified organism) for septicemia with no further detail.
Malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum and characterised by severe malarial paroxysms that recur about every 48 hours and often by acute cerebral, renal, or gastrointestinal manifestations. Also called malignant tertian malaria. The infected RBC becomes sticky and clogs together to block the capillaries.
Human cerebral malaria (HCM) is the most severe complication of P. falciparum infection and has attracted the attention of both clinicians and scientists since the discovery of the malaria parasite. HCM can occur in less than two weeks after a mosquito bite and may develop after 2 to 7 d of fever.