Fracture of the zygomatic bone is a common fracture of the facial skeleton; the zygomatic bone forms the most anterolateral projection one on each side of the middle face. The zygomatic bone is attached to the maxilla at the zygomaticomaxillary (ZM) suture and alveolus forming the zygomaticomaxillary buttress.
S02.40FAICD-10 Code for Zygomatic fracture, left side, initial encounter for closed fracture- S02. 40FA- Codify by AAPC.
Fractures of the ZMC or zygomatic arch can often lead to unsightly malar depression, which should be corrected to restore a normal facial contour. ZMC fractures can also cause significant functional issues, including trismus, enophthalmos and/or diplopia, and paresthesias of the infraorbital nerve.
Zygomaticomaxillary Complex (ZMC) fractures result from blunt trauma to the periorbital area (viz. malar eminence). ZMC fractures are also referred to as tripod, trimalar, tetrapod, quadripod, or malar fractures.
zygomatic arch, bridge of bone extending from the temporal bone at the side of the head around to the maxilla (upper jawbone) in front and including the zygomatic (cheek) bone as a major portion.
zygomatic bone, also called cheekbone, or malar bone, diamond-shaped bone below and lateral to the orbit, or eye socket, at the widest part of the cheek. It adjoins the frontal bone at the outer edge of the orbit and the sphenoid and maxilla within the orbit.
In anatomy, the zygomatic arch, or cheek bone, is a part of the skull formed by the zygomatic process of the temporal bone (a bone extending forward from the side of the skull, over the opening of the ear) and the temporal process of the zygomatic bone (the side of the cheekbone), the two being united by an oblique ...
The zygomatic arch plays a critical role in the mammalian masticatory system. Formed by the union of the zygomatic process of the temporal bone and the temporal process of the zygomatic bone, it is from this beam-like structure that the masseter muscle, a major jaw adductor, originates.
Zygomatic arch fractures can be clinically difficult to diagnose as the only signs may be a dimple palpable on the arch, which may or may not be tender, and or a decreased range of mouth opening. The patient's range of mouth opening should be greater than 30 mms.
Following fractures of the nasal bone, zygomatic fractures are the second most common fractures of the face and predominantly occur in males during their twenties and thirties. The zygomatic bone, in particular the malar eminence, plays an important part in the appearance of our faces.
The zygomatic bone articulates with the sphenoid bone, maxilla, frontal bone, and temporal bone to form the lateral wall of the floor of the orbit, part of the temporal and infratemporal fossa, and the prominence of the cheek.
Probably the most common facial fracture is the tripod or zygomaticomaxillary complex fracture, so called because it involves separation of all three major attachments of the zygoma to the rest of the face.
Surgical intervention is an effective treatment modality of depressed zygomatic complex fractures, whereas a nonsurgical approach is often used for nondisplaced fractures. Most zygomatic complex fractures can be treated solely by an intraoral approach and rigid fixation at the zygomaticomaxillary buttress.
Cheekbone fractures rarely get infected, so you will not usually need antibiotics. Swelling and bruising can be reduced by using cold packs and sleeping propped up for the first few days. Even if you have plates and screws to hold your cheekbone in place, it still takes about six weeks for the bone to heal completely.
The most common cause of zygomatic fractures is violent altercation. This is then followed by motor vehicle accident (MVA). These fractures can also occur during falls or activities such as cycling or skiing.
Malunion is the most common complication of zygomatic fractures and is the result of improper reduction and fixation, resulting in malocclusion, facial asymmetry, and enophthalmos. Extraocular muscle entrapment, although usually attributable to the initial fractures, also can occur secondary to fracture repair.